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Data M01 The Market · Agency Benchmarks

The $3M+ agency, by the numbers.

The GPS operating profile for the largest agencies in the study — enterprise scale, the deepest commercial-lines book, and the highest productivity per person. The reported margin looks thin; the normalization story is why it isn't.

This brief captures the 2025 GPS operating profile for the $3M+ revenue tier — enterprise-scale agencies running ~40 staff and 7.8 producers, with the highest productivity per person and the deepest commercial-lines book in the study. The reported 5.21% pre-tax margin is the lowest of any tier, and §05's owner-compensation note explains why that figure understates true earnings. Every figure here is a segment benchmark; the companion GPS tier reference explains how the tiers compare.

§ 01 · ProfitabilityProfitability & cost structure.

A 5.21% reported pre-tax margin sits on the highest compensation ratio in the study (70.98%) — but the largest line is producer compensation (22.83%), not owner pay, which has fallen to 13.90%. That mix is the signature of a professionally-managed agency.

MetricBenchmark
Pre-tax profit margin (reported)5.21%
Total expense ratio94.79%
Total compensation (% of revenue)70.98%
Sales (producer) compensation22.83%
Office (service) compensation24.69%
Executive / owner compensation13.90%
Total administrative expenses23.81%

§ 02 · Revenue mixRevenue mix.

The most commercial-lines-concentrated tier at 57.15%, with the lowest personal-lines share (17.59%) and the highest health-lines presence (11.66%) — the diversified, middle-market profile.

Line% of revenue
Commercial lines57.15%
Personal lines17.59%
Life1.94%
Health11.66%
Contingent / bonus9.09%
Fees0.09%
Other1.67%
Figure 2.1 — Mix chart GPS Study 2025 · $3M+ tier

Revenue mix, at a glance.

Commercial-lines-dominant, the enterprise profile. Bar widths are exact percentages of revenue.

Commercial lines Personal lines Life & health Contingent / bonus Fees / other
Reads left to right. The 57% commercial weight is the margin engine buyers pay up for.

§ 03 · Growth & retentionGrowth & retention.

Solid 8% growth at scale, with the best P&C retention in the study (93% CL, 92% PL). Life & health retention is the one soft spot at 83% — a portfolio question rather than a red flag.

MetricBenchmark
Annual revenue growth8%
Commercial-lines retention93%
Personal-lines retention92%
Life & health retention83%

§ 04 · ProductivityProductivity per person.

Peak productivity in the study: $187,449 revenue per employee across a 40-person team with 7.8 producers. Producer compensation of ~$220,000 reflects a competitive talent market — and a retention priority post-close.

MetricBenchmark
Revenue per employee$187,449
Commission per employee$166,962
Compensation per employee$133,045
Compensation spread$54,404
Total staff (average)40.1
Producers (average)7.8

§ 05 · Owner compensationThe owner-compensation read.

This is the line that reframes the whole margin. Owner compensation is the lowest share of any tier (13.90%) but the highest absolute figure (~$454,000 per owner across 2.3 owners). It signals owners in strategic and managerial roles rather than front-line production — and it's the add-back that bridges a 5.21% reported margin toward a materially higher normalized figure.

MetricBenchmark
Owner compensation (% of revenue)13.90%
Compensation per owner$454,283
Owners (average)2.3
Trust position ratio2.77
Current ratio1.77
Average age of receivables20.0 days
Key characteristics of this tier
  • Most commercial-lines-concentrated. 57.15% CL — the enterprise / middle-market profile.
  • Peak productivity. $187,449 revenue per employee, the highest in the study.
  • Largest team, deepest producer bench. 40.1 staff and 7.8 producers — low key-person risk.
  • Best P&C retention. 93% CL / 92% PL; L&H softer at 83%.
  • Lowest reported margin, biggest add-back. 5.21% reported, normalized materially higher once owner comp is adjusted.
  • Owners in strategic roles. 13.90% owner-comp share but ~$454K per owner.
What it means for M&A

Read the normalized number, not the reported one.

GPS benchmarks don't value an agency — they're the operating baseline a valuation is built on. The $3M+ tier is the clearest case for why normalization decides the price: a 5.21% reported margin would look weak at face value, but with owner compensation at ~$454,000 per owner, the add-back to a market-rate replacement lifts normalized earnings well above the reported line. A buyer who underwrites the reported figure mis-prices the book; one who normalizes correctly sees a scaled, high-retention, multi-producer platform.

The metrics that move a multiple here are commercial-lines depth, producer retention, and the normalized margin. The companion financial & transactional mechanics reference walks the normalization bridge in full.

Methodology notes

What GPS measures. The Growth & Performance Standards study tracks growth, profitability, and stability across reporting independent agencies, segmented by revenue tier. This brief reflects the $3M+ band.

Percentages of revenue. Expense, compensation, and revenue-mix lines are expressed as a percentage of total agency revenue unless a dollar figure is shown.

Reported vs normalized. The pre-tax margin shown is the segment's reported figure before owner-compensation normalization. A transaction analysis re-runs the bridge for the specific agency.

Frequency. The GPS study publishes annually. Milly Books refreshes this brief with each new edition.

Compare across revenue tiers

The six GPS tiers.

Open the tier reference →

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